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Declarative Memory Predicts Phonological Processing Abilities in Adulthood
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In: Front Psychol (2021)
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Can sex influence the neurocognition of language? Evidence from Parkinson’s disease
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In: Neuropsychologia (2020)
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Abstract:
Parkinson’s disease (PD), which involves basal ganglia degeneration, affects language as well as motor function. However, which aspects of language are impaired in PD and under what circumstances remain unclear. We examined whether lexical and grammatical aspects of language are differentially affected in PD, and whether this dissociation is moderated by sex as well as the degree of basal ganglia degeneration. Our predictions were based on the declarative/procedural model of language. The model posits that grammatical composition, including in regular inflection, depends importantly on left basal ganglia procedural memory circuits, whereas irregular and other lexicalized forms are memorized in declarative memory. Since females tend to show declarative memory advantages as compared to males, the model further posits that females should tend to rely on this system for regulars, which can be stored as lexicalized chunks. We tested non-demented male and female PD patients and healthy control participants on the intensively studied paradigm of English regular and irregular past-tense production. Mixed-effects regression revealed PD deficits only at regular inflection, only in male patients. The degree of left basal ganglia degeneration, as reflect by right-side hypokinesia, predicted only regular inflection, and only in male patients. Left-side hypokinesia did not show this pattern. Past-tense frequency effects suggested that the female patients retrieved regular as well as irregular past-tenses from declarative memory, whereas the males retrieved only irregulars. Sensitivity analyses showed that the pattern of findings was robust. The results, which are consistent with the declarative/procedural model, suggest a grammatical deficit in PD due to left basal ganglia degeneration, with a relative sparing of lexical retrieval. Female patients appear to compensate for this deficit by relying on chunks stored in declarative memory. More generally, the study elucidates the neurocognition of inflectional morphology and provides evidence that sex can influence how language is computed in the mind and brain.
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URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32971096 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8613481/ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107633
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The effect of bilingualism on brain development from early childhood to young adulthood
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In: Brain Struct Funct (2020)
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The role of distributional factors in learning and generalising affixal plural inflection: An artificial language study ...
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The role of distributional factors in learning and generalising affixal plural inflection: An artificial language study ...
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The relation between receptive grammar and procedural, declarative, and working memory in specific language impairment
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The production of nominal and verbal inflection in an agglutinative language: evidence from hungarian.
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The production of nominal and verbal inflection in an agglutinative language: evidence from Hungarian
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The Production of Nominal and Verbal Inflection in an Agglutinative Language: Evidence from Hungarian
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Inflectional morphology in high-functioning autism: Evidence for speeded grammatical processing
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Children's computation of complex linguistic forms: a study of frequency and imageability effects.
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In: PloS one, vol 8, iss 9 (2013)
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Children's Computation of Complex Linguistic Forms: A Study of Frequency and Imageability Effects
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Second Language Processing Shows Increased Native- Like Neural Responses after Months of No Exposure
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Second Language Processing Shows Increased Native-Like Neural Responses after Months of No Exposure
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Language deficits in Pre-Symptomatic Huntington's Disease: Evidence from Hungarian
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Working, declarative and procedural memory in specific language impairment
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Second Language Processing Shows Increased Native-Like Neural Responses after Months of No Exposure
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Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation Impacts Language in Early Parkinson's Disease
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